7 Powerful Reasons to Understand What Is Concrete Screed (Before You Build!)

Whether you’re renovating your home in Malta or managing a new-build project, you’ve probably come across the term “concrete screed.” But what is concrete screed, exactly? Is it just another layer of cement, or is it the secret sauce behind a level, long-lasting floor?

In this guide, we’ll explore the core definition, purpose, types, benefits, and common applications of concrete screed, particularly in Malta’s construction landscape. Whether you’re a homeowner, architect, or contractor, knowing what is concrete screed can save you time, money, and a world of renovation regrets.

Let’s break it down in a way that makes sense—even if you’re not a construction pro.

What Is Concrete Screed, and Why Does It Matter?| What Is Concrete Screed

Let’s start with the obvious: what is concrete screed?

In simple terms, concrete screed is a thin layer of cementitious material poured over a structural concrete base. Its purpose is to create a smooth, level surface before applying the final floor finish, such as tiles, wood, microcement, or carpet.

Screed is not the same as concrete. While both are made from cement, sand, water, and aggregates, screed is finer and smoother. It’s specifically designed for leveling rather than structural support.

➤ In Technical Terms:

• Concrete = cement + sand + large aggregates (gravel)

• Screed = cement + fine sand (no large aggregates)

This smoother mix makes it easier to apply an even, durable surface. So when someone asks you what is concrete screed, the real answer is: it’s the crucial middle layer that makes your floor finish look flawless and function properly.

💡 Pro Tip for Malta Homeowners: In Malta’s hot, humid conditions, screed also helps manage thermal expansion and moisture movement. That’s why professional application is key.

The Different Types of Concrete Screed (And When to Use Each)| What Is Concrete Screed

Now that you know what is concrete screed, let’s dive into the various types available. Choosing the right screed isn’t just about preference—it’s about performance, application, and budget.

Here are the most common types used in Malta:

1. Traditional Screed (Sand and Cement)

• Composition: A mix of 1 part cement to 3–5 parts sharp sand

• Application: Laid by hand and leveled with a screeding bar

• Thickness: 25mm to 100mm

• Best For: Internal floors in residential buildings

Traditional screed is labor-intensive but widely used for its flexibility and availability. It’s ideal for areas with light to moderate traffic.

💶 Cost in Malta: Typically ranges from €18–€28 per m², depending on floor area and preparation.

2. Flowing Screed (Liquid Anhydrite or Gypsum-Based)

• Application: Poured onto the floor and self-levels

• Speed: Can cover large areas quickly

• Best For: Large open-plan areas, underfloor heating systems

Flowing screed has excellent thermal conductivity, making it perfect for pairing with UFH (underfloor heating).

💶 Cost in Malta: Around €30–€40 per m², slightly higher due to material and specialist labor.

3. Bonded Screed

This is a traditional or flowing screed that’s bonded directly to the concrete base using a bonding agent. Ideal for thinner layers (usually <50mm).

Best for: Renovation projects where floor height is limited.

4. Unbonded Screed

Here, the screed is laid over a damp-proof membrane (DPM) and not bonded directly to the base. This allows for independent movement and reduces cracking risk.

Best for: Areas exposed to moisture or where base surfaces are uneven or unstable.

5. Floating Screed

Floating screed is laid over thermal insulation or acoustic insulation, with no direct contact to the substrate.

Best for: Energy-efficient homes or sound-sensitive buildings (like apartments).

The Benefits of Using Concrete Screed in Malta| What Is Concrete Screed

Now you know what is concrete screed and the types available—so why bother with screed at all?

Simple: it adds value, precision, and performance to any construction or renovation project.

Here’s how:

✅ 1. Creates a Smooth, Level Surface

Without screed, you’re essentially installing tiles or flooring over an uneven surface. That’s a recipe for cracks, poor adhesion, and squeaky floors. Screed solves all of that.

✅ 2. Enhances Durability of Floor Finishes

Whether you’re going for polished concrete, microcement, hardwood, or ceramic, the longevity of your surface relies heavily on the screed layer beneath. It absorbs minor movements and temperature changes, protecting your finish.

✅ 3. Improves Heat Distribution

Planning on underfloor heating? Screed works as a thermal mass, evenly spreading heat across the floor. Liquid screeds are especially effective here.

✅ 4. Faster Construction Timeline

With the right screed and crew, you can cover large areas quickly—especially with flowing screed. Less waiting = faster project delivery.

✅ 5. Versatile Thickness Options

Need to build up a floor by 30mm or level out dips? Screed lets you control thickness and adapt to any space.

✅ 6. Water Resistance (When Additives Are Used)

Screeds with water-resistant additives or sealants can be used in kitchens, bathrooms, and wet rooms.

✅ 7. Customisable Finishes

Want to add color, pattern, or even exposed aggregate? Screed is a blank canvas for creative floor designs—especially with finishes like microcement layered on top.

Where and When to Use Screed in Malta Projects| What Is Concrete Screed

Knowing what is concrete screed is one thing—knowing where to use it is another. Let’s look at some of the most common applications across Maltese homes and buildings:

🏡 Residential Homes

• Level subfloors before laying tiles, microcement, or wood

• Create smooth, durable surfaces for kitchens, bathrooms, and living areas

• Combine with underfloor heating systems

🏢 Commercial Projects

• Screed floors in retail stores, offices, and showrooms

• Enable fast installation of vinyl, tile, or carpet

🧱 Renovation Projects

• Fix uneven old floors without ripping them out

• Restore moisture-damaged subfloors

• Overlay with screed for retiling or microcement application

Concrete Screed vs Concrete Slab – What’s the Difference?| What Is Concrete Screed

One common point of confusion we hear is the difference between a concrete screed and a concrete slab.

So here’s the breakdown:

If you’re finishing off a structural slab, screed is the layer that makes it ready for life—and for walking barefoot.

Does Screeding Require a Professional?| What Is Concrete Screed

Absolutely. Screeding might look like an easy DIY task, but it’s highly technical. Improper application leads to:

• Cracking and delamination

• Uneven levels

• Poor bonding with tiles or flooring

• Delays in drying and curing

A professional team ensures:

• Correct mixing ratios

• Proper curing times

• Slope control (especially for drainage areas like balconies and wet rooms)

• Seamless integration with other finishes like microcement or tile

✅ Want to get your screed professionally applied in Malta?
Contact us today — our expert team is ready to help!

A Quick Word on Screed in Turnkey Construction Projects| What Is Concrete Screed

In larger builds, particularly turnkey construction projects, screeding is often included in the finishing phase. It ensures that all floors are consistent across rooms and levels before final handover.

🔗 Learn more about turnkey construction here

Whether it’s residential or commercial, screed bridges the gap between raw structure and final polish—and it’s a crucial step in delivering a ready-to-move-in space.

Need Screed? Check Out Our Service| What Is Concrete Screed

If you’re planning a renovation or new build in Malta and you’re asking yourself what is concrete screed—you now know it’s not optional. It’s essential.

✅ Ready to get started?
Check out our screed service here to explore options, pricing, and professional support from the Kibitec team.

How Is Concrete Screed Installed? (Step-by-Step Process)| What Is Concrete Screed

Now that you know what is concrete screed, let’s look at how it’s applied. A properly installed screed can last for decades, but it depends on precise workmanship, especially in Malta’s warm and humid climate.

Here’s a simplified overview of the professional process:

🔧 1. Surface Preparation

The base layer (usually a concrete slab) must be:

• Clean and free of dust or grease

• Properly cured and dry

• Primed or bonded (if using bonded screed)

A damp-proof membrane may be added for unbonded or floating screeds to prevent rising moisture.

🔧 2. Level Marking

Technicians use laser levels or screed rails to mark height guides. This step ensures the finished surface is perfectly flat and aligned—critical for tiled or microcement floors.

🔧 3. Mixing the Screed

For traditional sand-and-cement screeds:

• Ratios typically range from 1:3 to 1:5 (cement to sand)

• Water is added gradually to create a workable, not sloppy, consistency

Flowing screeds, on the other hand, arrive premixed and ready to pour.

🔧 4. Application and Levelling

The screed is laid across the surface in sections. It is:

• Spread evenly

• Compacted using a float or trowel

• Leveled using straightedges and screed bars

With flowing screeds, the material self-levels and only needs light guidance.

🔧 5. Finishing

Edges are neatened with a hand trowel, and in some cases, surface hardeners or additives are applied.

Drying Time and Curing: What to Expect| What Is Concrete Screed

One of the most common follow-up questions to what is concrete screed is “How long does it take to dry?”

📅 Standard Drying Times:

• Traditional Screed: ~1 day per millimetre of depth (up to 40mm). For 50mm+, allow at least 60–75 days.

• Flowing Screed: Dries faster, typically 1mm/day, but always depends on ventilation and humidity.

For final floor finishes like tile or microcement, it’s important to test residual moisture (using a CM test or digital meter). Flooring applied too soon risks delamination and damp issues.

⚠️ Important: Always allow for at least 24–48 hours of curing time before walking on the screed, and much longer before sealing or finishing.

Common Mistakes to Avoid with Screed| What Is Concrete Screed

Whether you’re a DIY enthusiast or working with a contractor, it pays to know what not to do when dealing with screed.

Here are the most frequent mistakes we see in Malta’s residential and commercial sites:

❌ 1. Inadequate Surface Prep

Failing to clean, prime, or level the substrate results in poor adhesion and cracking.

❌ 2. Wrong Mix Ratio

Too much water weakens the screed. Too little makes it difficult to work with.

❌ 3. Skipping Expansion Joints

These joints are vital for preventing cracking due to thermal expansion—especially in hot Maltese summers.

❌ 4. Overloading Before Cure

Don’t place furniture, equipment, or tiling over uncured screed. You’ll risk indentations and failure.

❌ 5. DIY Without Know-How

We get it—DIY is tempting. But screed needs skilled hands and precise technique. Hiring professionals helps you avoid costly repairs later.

✅ Want it done right? Reach out to our Malta-based screeding experts for a smooth, professional finish.

Pairing Screed with Microcement or Tile: The Perfect Combo| What Is Concrete Screed

A lot of Malta’s stylish interiors combine concrete screed with microcement or tiles. Why? Because screed provides the perfect, level base that these decorative finishes require.

Let’s look at how each pairing works.

🧱 Screed + Microcement

Microcement is ultra-thin (usually 2–3mm), so it requires a flawless substrate. Even tiny imperfections in the screed will show through.

A professional screed layer ensures:

• Uniformity

• Smoothness

• Optimal adhesion for microcement layers

Microcement over screed offers a modern, seamless, waterproof look perfect for:

• Bathrooms

• Kitchens

• Showrooms

• Staircases

• Outdoor patios (when using waterproof sealers)

💶 Cost in Malta: Microcement installation over screed typically costs €80–€120 per m², depending on the finish.

🧱 Screed + Tiles

Tiles (especially large-format ones) need a perfectly level surface to avoid:

• Lipping

• Hollow spots

• Cracks or popping

Screed provides a rigid, durable base and minimizes the need for thick tile adhesives.

💶 Cost in Malta: Tile installation over screed generally ranges from €30–€60 per m², including adhesive and labor.

Maintenance and Longevity: How to Protect Your Screed| What Is Concrete Screed

Even though screed is hidden under your finish, its condition matters. Here’s how to protect it long term:

🧼 During Installation:

• Keep it covered during curing to retain moisture

• Avoid walking on it before it sets

• Use appropriate expansion joints and sealants

🧼 After Finishing:

• If exposed, apply a sealer or epoxy coat

• Clean with neutral pH cleaners

• Monitor moisture levels in humid rooms (like basements or bathrooms)

Properly installed and cared for, screed can last 20–30 years or more.

FAQs: What People in Malta Ask About Screed| What Is Concrete Screed

❓ Is screed necessary for every floor?

Not always. But if your subfloor is uneven or you’re installing thin floor finishes like microcement or vinyl, yes—screed is essential.

❓ How thick should the screed be?

Generally:

• Bonded screed: 25–40mm

• Unbonded/floating screed: 50–70mm

• For underfloor heating: at least 65mm

❓ Can screed be waterproof?

Screed itself is not inherently waterproof, but additives and sealers can make it water-resistant. This is useful in bathrooms, wet rooms, and outdoor spaces.

❓ What happens if screed cracks?

Hairline cracks are sometimes cosmetic. But deeper cracks can mean poor bonding or rapid drying. Repair depends on the cause—some cracks can be filled; others need sections replaced.

❓ How do I know if the screed is dry enough?

Use a moisture meter or CM test. The target is usually <2% moisture for tile and <0.5% for microcement or wood flooring.

Final Thoughts: So, What Is Concrete Screed Really?| What Is Concrete Screed

Let’s bring it full circle.

What is concrete screed? It’s the foundation for your final floor finish—whether you’re after sleek microcement, elegant tile, or anything in between. It’s that middle layer that takes your space from raw and rough to polished and practical.

In Malta’s unique climate and architectural style, screed plays a vital role in both modern renovations and traditional builds. It’s versatile, cost-effective, and built to last—if you get it done right.

✅ Ready to Screed? Check Out Our Services| What Is Concrete Screed

We offer professional screed services in Malta for residential and commercial clients. From traditional sand and cement to self-leveling options for underfloor heating, we’ve got you covered.

👉 Check out our screeding services here to explore what’s possible.

📞 Contact Us for Expert Screeding in Malta| What Is Concrete Screed

Still unsure what you need—or how to get started? Don’t worry, that’s what we’re here for.

👉 Contact us today and let our experts guide you through the best screeding solution for your project. Whether it’s a new build, renovation, or part of a turnkey construction, we’re here to help make your floors perfect from the ground up.